A Pocket Style Manual, APA Version, 2020 Update by Diana Hacker; Nancy Sommers
Writing Papers in APA Style 1. Writing college papers in APA style 1a. Research paper: Literature review 1b. Research paper: Original empirical research 1c. Laboratory report 1d. Analytical essay 1e. Annotated bibliography 1f. Administrative report 1g. Case study 1h. Clinical paper 1i. Professional memo 1j. Reflective essay 1k. Social issue paper 2. Understanding APA conventions 2a. Privileging current sources 2b. Using appropriate tone and language 2c. Avoiding stereotypes, bias, and offensive language 2d. Understanding intellectual property 2e. Collecting and reporting data 2f. Protecting research participants 3. Posing questions to start a paper 3a. Choosing a narrow question 3b. Choosing a challenging question 3c. Choosing a grounded question 4. Finding appropriate sources 4a. Locating reference works 4b. Locating articles 4c. Locating books 4d. Locating other sources online 5. Evaluating sources 5a. Selecting sources 5b. Reading with an open mind and a critical eye 5c. Assessing Web sources with special care 6. Managing information; avoiding plagiarism 6a. Maintaining a working bibliography 6b. Keeping track of source materials 6c. Avoiding unintentional plagiarism as you take notes 7. Supporting a thesis 7a. Forming a working thesis 7b. Testing your thesis 7c. Organizing your ideas 7d. Using sources to inform and support your argument 8. Avoiding plagiarism 8a. Citing quotations and borrowed ideas 8b. Enclosing borrowed language in quotation marks 8c. Putting summaries and paraphrases in your own words 8d. Avoiding self-plagiarism 9. Integrating sources 9a. Using quotations appropriately 9b. Using signal phrases to integrate sources 9c. Synthesizing sources Formatting Papers in APA Style 10. Parts of a paper in APA style 10a. Title page 10b. Abstract 10c. Introduction 10d. Method 10e. Results 10f. Discussion 10g. References 10h. Footnotes 10i. Headings 10j. Appendices 10k. Visuals 11. APA paper format 11a. Formatting the paper 11b. Preparing the list of references 12. Sample pages from papers in APA style 12a. Research paper: Literature review (education) 12b. Research paper: Empirical research (psychology) 12c. Analytical essay (sociology) 12d. Annotated bibliography (economics) 12e. Laboratory report (psychology) 12f. Administrative report (criminology/criminal justice) 12g. Clinical practice paper (nursing) 12h. Reflective essay (education) 12i. Business report 12j. Professional memo (business) 12k. Social issue paper (composition) Documenting Sources in APA Style 13. APA in-text citations 14. APA list of references 14a. General guidelines for listing authors 14b. Articles and other short works 14c. Books and other long works 14d. Web sites and parts of Web sites 14e. Audio, visual, and multimedia sources 14f. Personal communication and social media 15. APA notes 15a. Footnotes in the text 15b. Notes in tables and figures Clarity 16. Tighten wordy sentences. 16a. Redundancies 16b. Empty or inflated phrases 16c. Needlessly complex structures 17. Prefer active verbs. 17a. When to replace be verbs 17b. When to replace passive verbs 18. Balance parallel ideas. 18a. Items in a series 18b. Paired ideas 19. Add needed words. 19a. Words in compound structures 19b. The word that 19c. Words in comparisons 20. Eliminate confusing shifts. 20a. Shifts in point of view 20b. Shifts in tense 21. Untangle mixed constructions. 21a. Mixed grammar 21b. Illogical connections 21c. Is when, is where, and reason . . . is because constructions 22. Repair misplaced and dangling modifiers. 22a. Misplaced words 22b. Misplaced phrases and clauses 22c. Dangling modifiers 22d. Split infinitives 23. Provide sentence variety. 23a. Combining choppy sentences 23b. Varying sentence openings 24. Find an appropriate voice. 24a. Jargon 24b. Clichés 24c. Slang 24d. Sexist language Grammar 25. Make subjects and verbs agree. 25a. Words between subject and verb 25b. Subjects joined with and 25c. Subjects joined with or or nor 25d. Indefinite pronouns such as someone 25e. Collective nouns such as jury 25f. Subject after verb 25g. Who, which, and that 25h. Plural form, singular meaning 25i. Titles, company names, and words mentioned as words 26. Be alert to other problems with verbs. 26a. Irregular verbs 26b. Tense 26c. Mood 27. Use pronouns with care. 27a. Pronoun-antecedent agreement 27b. Pronoun reference 27c. Case of personal pronouns (I vs. me etc.) 27d. Who vs. whom 28. Use adjectives and adverbs appropriately. 28a. Adjectives 28b. Adverbs 28c. Comparatives and superlatives 29. Repair sentence fragments. 29a. Fragmented clauses 29b. Fragmented phrases 29c. Acceptable fragments 30. Revise run-on sentences. 30a. Revision with a comma and a coordinating conjunction 30b. Revision with a semicolon (or a colon or a dash) 30c. Revision by separating sentences 30d. Revision by restructuring the sentence 31. Consider grammar topics for multilingual writers. 31a. Verbs 31b. Articles (a, an, the) 31c. Sentence structure 31d. Prepositions showing time and place Punctuation 32. The comma 32a. Before a coordinating conjunction joining independent clauses 32b. After an introductory word group 32c. Between items in a series 32d. Between coordinate adjectives 32e. To set off a nonrestrictive element, but not a restrictive element 32f. To set off transitional and parenthetical expressions, absolute phrases, and contrasted elements 32g. To set off nouns of direct address, the words yes and no, interrogative tags, and mild interjections 32h. To set off direct quotations introduced with expression such as he argued 32i. With dates, addresses, and titles 32j. Misuses of the comma 33. The semicolon and the colon 33a. The semicolon 33b. The colon 34. The apostrophe 34a. To indicate possession 34b. To mark contractions 34c. Conventional uses 34d. Misuses of the apostrophe 35. Quotation marks 35a. To enclose direct quotations 35b. Around titles of short works 35c. Other punctuation with quotation marks 35d. Misuses of quotation marks 36. Other marks 36a. The period 36b. The question mark 36c. The exclamation point 36d. The dash 36e. Parentheses 36f. Brackets 36g. The ellipsis mark 36h. The slash Mechanics 37. Capitalization 37a. Proper vs. common nouns 37b. Titles with proper names 37c. Titles of works 37d. Special terms 37e. First word of a sentence or quoted sentence 37f. First word following a colon 37g. Abbreviations 38. Abbreviations 38a. Before and after a name 38b. Organizations, companies, countries 38c. Units of measurement and time 38d. Latin abbreviations 38e. Plural of abbreviations 38f. Other uses of abbreviations 38g. Inappropriate abbreviations 39. Numbers 39a. Using numerals 39b. Using words for numbers 40. Italics 40a. Titles of works 40b. Words as words and other uses 40c. Ships, aircraft, spacecraft 40d. Foreign words 41. Spelling 41a. Major spelling rules 41b. Spelling variations 42. Hyphenation 42a. Compound words 42b. Words functioning together as an adjective 42c. Suffixes and prefixes 42d. Hyphenation at ends of lines Glossaries Glossary of usage Glossary of grammatical terms Index Documentation directories Charts and lists for quick reference List of sample pages from student papers Revision symbols
Call Number: PE 1408 .H276 2020
ISBN: 9781319360092
Publication Date: 2020-05-06